J.r.r.托尔金
J.R.R.托尔金
传
约翰·罗纳德·鲁埃尔·托尔金,CBE(英语:John Ronald Reuel Tolkien,常缩写为J.R.R. Tolkien,1892年1月3日-1973年9月2日),英国作家、诗人、语言学家及大学教授,以创作经典古典奇幻作品《霍比特人》、《魔戒》与《精灵宝钻》而闻名于世。 托尔金曾于1925年至1945年间,在牛津大学彭布罗克学院担任盎格鲁-撒克逊语的劳林森与博斯沃斯教授,并于1945年至1959年间转至牛津大学莫顿学院任英国语言与文学的默顿教授。他是C·S·路易斯的密友——两人皆为非正式文学讨论社“迹象”的社员。1972年3月28日,托尔金获英国女王伊丽莎白二世颁授的大英帝国司令勋章。 托尔金的儿子克里斯托夫在父亲去世后,整理了大量的笔记和未发表的手稿,出版了一系列作品,包括《精灵宝钻》、《未完成的故事》、《胡林的子女》等。这些作品与《霍比特人》和《魔戒》一起构成了有联系的共同体,由传说、诗歌、虚构历史、人造语言和短文所组成,关于一个名叫阿尔达(及其中的中土大陆)的奇幻世界。1951至1955年间,托尔金用“传说故事集”(英语:legendarium)一词来称呼大部分作品。尽管在他之前有很多其他作者的奇幻作品问世,但《霍比特人》和《魔戒》的巨大成功造成了该文学类型的流行与复兴。因此托尔金被大众公认为“现代奇幻文学之父”——或更准确地说,是对于古典奇幻。 2008年,《泰晤士报》把他列为“1945年后50位最伟大的英国作家”榜单上的第6名。2009年,他在《福布斯》收入最高的“已故名人”榜单中列第5名。
- 众所周知: Writing
- 生日: 1892-01-03
- 出生地: Bloemfontein, Orange Free State, South Africa
- 也被称为: John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, JRR Tolkien, J·R·R·托尔金, 约翰·罗纳德·瑞尔·托尔金, Джон Рональд Руэл Толкин
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